Weather

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 * || == Weather Wise ==

** The Elements of Weather **
|| **Understanding Basic Concepts** - explain the difference between weather and climate and the factors that influence both of these systems - identify patterns in air movement - identify the effects of air pressure ||

What is Weather?
[]

1. Define weather.


 * The WEATHER is the condition of the atmosphere (or changes in the atmosphere) at a particular time and place. The weather is shaped by 4 main factors: **

2.What four factors affect weather
 * ** the air **
 * ** the sun **
 * ** water **
 * ** the earth's movement **

Weather vs Climate
__ [] __

3. What is the difference between climate and weather? If **weather** is the watch then **climate** is the calendar.
 * Climate **is what you expect; **Weather** is what you get.
 * Climate** is about long-term records, trends and averages;
 * Weather** is the day to day experience.
 * Climate** is the sum or synthesis of all the weather recorded over a long period of time. It tells us the average or most common conditions, or extremes, or counts of events, or frequencies. **Weather** is a description of conditions over a short period of time - a "snap shot" of the atmosphere at a particular time.

Air Pressure
__ [] __ 4. Complete the following chart: Up || . || . Cold ||
 * || ==== **High Pressure** ==== || ====** Low Pressure **==== ||
 * Air movement (up or down) || . Warm .    || .Y
 * Temperature of air || . Warm
 * Wind movement at ground || clockwise || . cold  .  ||
 * Expected weather || Bad || .Cold ||


 * || == Weather Wise ==

** Measuring the Weather **
|| **Developing Skills of Inquiry, Design and Communication** - design, construct, and test a variety of weather instruments - use appropriate vocabulary, including correct science and technology terminology, in describing their investigations and observations ||

[] Information not placed in correct columns Use the information to complete the chart. The source of this information is American so you may have to determine the equivalent metric unit to record in the chart.
 * The following web site describes some of the instruments meteorologists use to collect data about the weather. **


 * ** Instrument Name ** || ** What It Measures ** || ** Unit of Measurement ** ||
 * ||  || [[image:http://chalk.richmond.edu/education/projects/webunits/weather/images/barometer.gif width="91" height="110" align="left"]] || ** Barometer: measures atmospheric pressure in Millibars. A barometer can also be used by pilots as an altimeter, because as a pilot flies upward, the pointer gives the altitude above sea level. ** ||
 * [[image:http://chalk.richmond.edu/education/projects/webunits/weather/images/thermometer.gif width="32" height="98" align="left"]] || ** Thermometer: measures the temperature in degrees Celsius or degrees Fahrenheit ** ||
 * [[image:http://chalk.richmond.edu/education/projects/webunits/weather/images/rainguage.gif width="63" height="115" align="left"]] || ** Rain gauge: measures the amount of rainfall in mm. Not only does a rain gauge measure rainfall, but also all other forms of precipitation. ** ||
 * [[image:http://chalk.richmond.edu/education/projects/webunits/weather/images/campstokes.gif width="91" height="109" align="left"]] || ** Campbell Stokes Recorder: measures sunshine. This type of recorder is made up of a glass ball which concentrates sunshine on to a thick piece of card. The sunshine then burns a mark on the card which shows the number of hours of sunshine in the day. ** ||
 * [[image:http://chalk.richmond.edu/education/projects/webunits/weather/images/anemometer.gif width="103" height="125" align="left"]] || ** Anemometer: measures wind speed in mph. The most common type looks like a toy windmill. Three cups are fixed to a central shaft and the stronger the wind blows the faster they spin around. The wind speed is shown on a dial, just like a car's speedometer. ** ||
 * [[image:http://chalk.richmond.edu/education/projects/webunits/weather/images/windvane.gif width="91" height="62" align="left"]] || ** Wind Vane/Wind Sock: measures wind direction by pointing towards North, East, South or West ** ||
 * [[image:http://chalk.richmond.edu/education/projects/webunits/weather/images/hygrometer.gif width="91" height="75" align="left"]] || ** Hygrometer: measures the temperature and amount of humidity in degrees Fahrenheit and degrees Celsius. A hygrometer actually uses human hair to tell how much humidity is in the air. It contains a sheaf of blond human hairs treated to remove the oils. As the relative humidity increases, the hairs increase in length and operate the recording mechanism. ** ||
 * [[image:http://chalk.richmond.edu/education/projects/webunits/weather/images/cloudy.gif width="98" height="53" align="left"]] || ** Meteorologists also measure the amount of cloud cover in "oktas" from 1 to 8. 0 oktas means the sky is clear, 8 oktas means the sky is completely covered. The height of a cloud is measured by how far it is above sea level ** ||  ||   ||
 * || == Weather Wise ==

** Clouds **
|| **Understanding Basic Concepts** - explain the formation of clouds and the effects of different cloud formations on weather and climate ||


 * Use this web site to answer the following questions. **
 * [] **

1. What are clouds? 2. Explain how clouds form. 3. What are the 3 "families" of clouds and what do their Latin names mean? 4. Follow the links to learn about each type of cloud and then complete the table on the next page. To help you identify clouds, download, print and construct the following "Cloud Key". [] After completing the chart, you could try a Cloud Quiz at; [] 
 * || ==Weather Wise==

**Forecasting**
|| **Understanding Basic Concepts** -recognize large-scale and local weather systems - predict local weather patterns using data from their own observations of weather and from weather reports - identify patterns in air movement ||

The following questions and organizers will help you keep track of the crucial information you’ll need.
 * Read the details at [] and follow the links.**

Cloud Forecasting

 * **Cloud Type** || **Description** || **Possible Weather** ||
 * cirrus || Sheet like cloud. ||  ||
 * altocumulus ||  ||   ||
 * nimbostratus || Rain cloud. ||  ||
 * cumulus || A puffy cloud. ||  ||
 * cumulonimbus ||  ||   ||
 * Cumulus - Latin for 'heap', to describe a puffy cloud
 * Cirrus - Latin for 'curl of hair', to describe a wispy cloud
 * Stratus - Latin for 'layer', to describe a sheet-like cloud
 * Nimbus - Latin for 'violent rain', to describe a rain cloud.

Wind Forecasting

 * **Wind Direction** || **Possible Weather** ||
 * North ||  ||
 * South ||  ||
 * East ||  ||
 * West ||  ||

Senses Forecasting
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